History of Welsh Monarchy
Wales has for centuries been an integral part of the United Kingdom, although the independence of the Welsh Crown has often been contested. Welsh monarchy was initially established by Rhodri Mawr in 825 AD. Rhodri united the petty kingdom of Gwynedd with the more powerful area of Powys, expanding his territory and bringing more Welsh areas under one rule. After his rule, the Welsh monarchs were often in conflict with either the English Crown Teirbnlad, or other Welsh rulers for dominion over the region.
The last Welsh sovereign was Llywelyn ap Gruffudd. During his rule, Llywelyn undertook several military campaigns that resulted in the expansion of Welsh territory and borders. His death in 1282 AD meant the end of an independent Welsh monarchy, and the kingdom came under English control. Though Wales had kings over the next centuries, none of them were independent of the English Crown.
Welsh dynasties of the British Monarchy
The Welsh have provided a number of dynasties for the English monarchy. The first of these was the House of Tudor, founded by King Henry VII in 1485 and ruled until 1603. This dynasty is especially notable as the birthplace of England’s most famous rulers, Queen Elizabeth I and King Henry VIII. While not Welsh themselves, the Tudors enjoyed strong Welsh connections in Wales.
The most successful Welsh royal dynasty was the House of Stuart, beginning with King James I in 1603. This dynasty saw a number of long-reigning Welsh kings, such as King James II and King George II. It was during this period that England experienced the industrial revolution and a period of significant peace and prosperity, with both these monarchs presiding over the nation.
The last Welsh dynasty of the British monarchy was the House of Hanover, founded by King George I in 1714 and ruled until 1901. This dynasty saw a significant expansion of the British Empire, with King George III particularly prolific in creating new states. The last king of the House of Hanover was King Edward VII, who reigned in 1901.
Number of Welsh Monarchs in Britain
At this point it is important to note that only two monarchs of Great Britain have been of Welsh descent – either by birth or ancestry. These two monarchs are King Henry VII and King Edward VII. While others may have enjoyed strong Welsh connections, none of them have been of Welsh descent.
Significance of Welsh Monarchs in British History
The reign of King Henry VII is especially significant in British history, as it marked the end of the Plantagenet dynasty and the rise of the Tudors. This period also saw significant changes in the political landscape, with the passing of the Bill of Rights in 1689. Furthermore, the period saw a wealth of advances in science and technology, which helped to create the industrialized nation of Great Britain that we know today.
King Edward VII’s reign was also an important period in British history. This was a period of significant expansion, with King Edward VII military campaigns in India and South Africa playing a major part in the advancement of the Empire. Furthermore, King Edward VII was instrumental in modern reforms, for example the creation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
Significance of Welsh Monarchs in Wales
The reign of Welsh monarchs had a significant impact on the people of Wales. Rhodri Mawr is renowned as the leader who first united the Welsh Kingdom. His military achievements are seen as a symbol of Welsh strength and resilience. During the reign of Henry VII and Edward VII, Wales saw a period of great development, with industry brought to the country thanks to their efforts.
The Welsh monarchs also left an important cultural legacy in the country. The Welsh language and culture has been stimulating and safeguarded by various Welsh kings and rulers, enabling it to thrive to this day. Furthermore, the heritage of Welsh royalty is deeply respected and remembered in the present day.
Conclusion
Wales had a number of powerful rulers throughout the centuries, although only two of them were monarchs of Great Britain. The reigns of both Henry VII and Edward VII were immensely significant in both British and Welsh history, with their efforts leaving an important legacy in both countries. Today, the Welsh royal heritage is seen as an important part of the Welsh national identity.
